تنوع ژنتیکی برای صفات زراعی مختلف در لاین‌های انتخابی از توده‌های بومی گلرنگ ایران و ژنوتیپ‌های خارجی

To study the genetic variation of different traits, 66 isolated lines from different Iranian safflower landraces of Isfahan, Azarbaijan, Khorasan, Kordestan, Central provinces along with 13 foreign genotypes and two local populations of Kooseh and Arak-2811 were evaluated in a simple lattice design with two replications. The experiment was conducted at the research farm, Isfahan University of Technology in the year 2001. The results indicated that there was significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits including days to 50% flowering, maturity, plant height, yield/plant, seed yield and its components and relative resistance to the powdery mildew disease (p<0.01). Seed yield of genotypes varied from 1285 to 3524 Kg/ha. The seed yield of local population of Kooseh which was dominant growing cultivar in Isfahan province and one of the latest in maturity and tallest genotype was 2317 Kg/ha, however, some genotypes were earlier in maturity and had the less plant height and more seed yield than Kooseh. Seed oil content was measured for the 20 high yielding isolated lines by the Soxhlet method and varied from 24.62% (in one of the isolated lines from Kordestan landrace) to 37.55% (in one of the isolated lines from Kooseh). The genotype of Kooseh had seed oil content of 35.99%. Based on the results of cluster analysis, the genotypes were classified in to 3 the distinct clusters and they were significantly different for all of the traits, except for days to 50% emergence. One of the clusters had the maximum seed yield, seed yield/plant, branches/plant, capitula/plant, seeds/capitulum and the minimum of seed weight. It was implied that the genotypes of this cluster which were isolated from local populations could be used for improving the seed yield. The cluster analysis also indicated that in isolated lines from different provinces, there was no special pattern between the genetic and geographical diversity.